The main role in the development of research activity is carried out by universities and institutions, where scientific developments are carried out in departments and laboratories. Some institutes, which are carrying out strategic researches and developments under government tasks, are directly subordinated to the Cabinet of Turkmenistan.
Thanks to the reforms carried out in the country and the creation of a legal base, small-scale enterprises of public and private centers began to be involved in research activity, carrying out advisory services for international programs.
Structure of Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan
The national Academy of Sciences has been restored according to the resolution of the President of Turkmenistan №10458 dated June, 12th 2009, titled «About questions of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan», which has headed all activity on development and science organisation in Turkmenistan.
According to the resolution under the authority of the Academy of Sciences 11 institutes and the 3 organisations serving the science sector have been moved: the library, the printing house and the publishing house "Ylym". The President of Academy, the Dr., Professor Mezilov G. A. heads Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan.
The Presidium supervises the work of the Academy of Sciences, which is composed of: the President of Academy of Sciences, the Vice-President, the Main Scientific Secretary and Academicians, and the secretaries who are simultaneously chiefs of departments.
The Presidium structure is graphically reflected in table 1.
The Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan has the following functional structure. As a part of the Academy there are management departments:
and also divisions:
The structure of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan comprises the following scientific research institutes and organisations:
Management structure of research activity in branches
Research activity in branches is carried out on thematic priorities of the ministries and departments in corresponding scientific research institutes. The branch structure of scientific institutions looks as it is presented in the diagram below:
Scientific research in the field of humanitarian and social sciences is also conducted at institutes, whose management is carried out by the Cabinet of Turkmenistan. Such institutes are:
The management of high school science is carried out by the Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan. Scientific research in high schools is carried out by the collective of the faculty, post-graduate students, doctoral candidates, applicants and students. Results of researches become a subject of discussions at annual conferences and seminars conducted in each high school. Since 2008 new institutes and universities have begun to open, thanks to reforms in the sphere of education conducted by the President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdymuhamedov. The opening of further new high schools is planned as well. The dynamics of increase of the number of high schools is presented in the diagram below.
Source: Statistical Yearbook of Turkmenistan for 2011
Now high school research activities are concentrated in the following institutions:
Doctors and candidates of sciences are actively involved in the research activity of high schools. Despite available sectoral management of scientific research, high school, academic scientific research and research on manufacture are closely interconnected, which causes a constant overflow of scientific personnel from one branch to another. Comparative charts of the number of science officers with a scientific degree in scientific institutions are presented below (see charts 1 and 2).
Chart 1.Number of Doctors of Sciencein branches of scientific activity by years, persons:
Source: Statistical Yearbooks of Turkmenistan :2007,2008, 2009,2011
Chart 2.Number of candidates of sciences in branches of scientifically research activity by years, persons:
Source: Statistical Yearbooks of Turkmenistan: 2007,2008, 2009,2011
The presented charts show the steady tendency to increase the number of science officers in research institutions, which takes place at the expense of inflow of personnel from other branches and of the young generation of science officers.
Source: undisclosed expert known to the editor
Last update: March 2012
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(general information - research structure - research policies - international cooperation) (URL: http://www.increast.eu/_media/Turkmenistan_Country_Report_EN_March2012.pdf)