Научно-техническая политика

На этой странице incrEAST предлагает информацию о национальных научных программах и инфраструктуре НТ учреждений в Молдавии.

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Context of research policy

The main legal act which regulates the activities in the S&T domain of the Republic of Moldova is the Code on Science and Innovation (adopted in July 2004). This code regulates legal relations related to the elaboration and implementation of the state policy in the field of science and innovations, activity in the field of scientific researches, innovations and transfer of technologies, scientific-technological information, accreditation of organizations in the field of science and innovations, attestation of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel of highest qualification, protection of intellectual property, legal status of entities in the field of science and innovations.

Research policy: objectives and priorities

The basic goal of the state policy in the field of science and innovations is a stable socio-economic and human development in the Republic of Moldova, based on maximum stimulation and use of scientific, scientific-technical and technological potential, oriented to creation and commercialization of competitive and ecological pure produces, services, processes.

The tasks of the state policy in the field of science and innovations are:

• complex integration of fundamental and applied researches within the innovation activity from all fields of economic, social, cultural, political and informational life of the Republic of Moldova;
• development and efficient use of scientific and technological potential;
• ensurance of progressive structural reformation of the field of production of goods and services, increasing their efficiency and competitiveness;
• protection of the environment, monuments of natural and historic heritage, rational use of natural resources, saving and developing  biological and cultural diversity;
• protection and development of informational resources of the country;
• consolidation of the interconnection between science and education.

Strategic directions of the activity in the field of science and innovations:

• State policy in the field of science and innovations envisages concentration of resources and organization of the activity on strategic directions of the field of science and innovations.
• Strategic directions of science and innovations are identified taking into consideration current trends at the world level, of the national potential and necessities of the social social-economic development of the country.

Policy making and coordination

The Parliament:

• adopts legal acts, which regulate the organization and functioning of the field of science and innovations;
• approves strategic directions of the activity in the field of science and innovations;
• approves the amount of financial resources, which area allocated to support the activity in the field of science and innovations;
• ratifies international agreements regarding cooperation in the field of science and innovations.

The Government concludes with the Academy of Sciences a Partnership agreement, which on the basis of delegation to the Academy of Sciences of powers to carry out the state policy in the field of science and innovations, determines:

• the strategy of development of science and innovation activity;
• strategic directions of the activity in the field of science and innovations;
• amount of financing in the field of science and innovations in accordance with Law on state budget taking into consideration the permanent increase of the necessities for its financing.

The Government also:

• organizes elaboration of legal acts related to science and innovations, and submit them to the Parliament for examination;
• creates economic mechanisms of stimulation of the activity in the field of science and innovations and the utilization of the results of such of activity;
• concludes intergovernmental agreements on cooperation in the field of science and innovations;
• supports  the creation of the infrastructure of the field of science and innovations;
• award prizes in the field of science and innovations.

The Academy of Sciences of Moldova as the sole public agency of the national significance in the field of science and innovations is the plenipotentiary coordinator of scientific and innovation activity, supreme scientific forum of the country and scientific consultant of the public authorities of the Republic of Moldova

Academy of Sciences on the base of the Partnership Agreement with the Government:

• elaborates and promotes the strategy for development of science and innovation activity, realizes the state policy and performs the conceptual activity in the field of science and innovations;
• identifies strategic directions in the field of science and innovations;
• distributes budget allocations in accordance with the strategic directions in the field of science and innovations;
• organizes the elaboration of state programs, international scientific and scientific-technical programs, as well as mechanisms of their implementation;
• elaborates the mechanisms of monitoring and stimulation of implementation of the results of state programs in the field of science and innovations and creation of the market of produces of this field;
• organizes competitions of projects in the field of science and innovations, financed from state budget;
• assures financing of publication of scientific magazines and scientific works;
• assures financing of subordinated scientific libraries;
• elaborates prognosis of development of science and innovation activity;
• promotes the policy of preserving, rational placing and development of intellectual potential, property and infrastructure in the field of science and innovations;
• supports the activity in the field of innovations and transfer of technologies;
• contributes to the implementation of the results of scientific researches and advanced technologies;
• promotes national and world values in the field of science and culture;
• organizes and if necessary carries out scientific-methodological coordination of the activity of the entities in the field of science and innovations, which are part of the Academy of Sciences, and entities in the field of science and innovations, which are not a part of it, which receive subsidies from the  state budget;
• effectuates, at the request, scientific-methodological coordination of the activity of the entities in the field of science and innovations, which are not a part of the Academy of Science and which do not receive subsidies from the state budget;
• gives consultation, performs expertise and review of bills of laws and other regulations, related to the policy in the field of science, economic, social, cultural and other fields of social life;
• performs training of the scientific personnel trough graduate, post-graduate education and advanced training courses, supports and promotes scientific schools;
• collaborates on the international level with similar institutions.

National research programmes

The State programme in the field of science and innovations represents a complex of projects in this field and a form of realization of state policy in the field of science and innovations. The programmes are developed by the Government and scientific community in the person of the Academy of Sciences in accordance with the strategic directions of activity in this field. The list of state programmes is included in the Partnership Agreement.
After the realization of the expertise and competitive selection, carried out by the Supreme Council for science and technological development, in the state programmes in the field of innovations and transfer of technologies the projects for innovation and transfer of technologies, proposed by organizations performing this activity, are included. The programmes are financed partially or integrally from the state budget in accordance with the results of the contest organized by the Academy of Sciences.

The Project in the field of science and innovations is a complex of activities, interconnected trough performers, terms and resources, which are realized by organization in the field of science and innovations regarding the solution of a problem (achieving of a common goal) and is aimed to:

• development of fundamental and applied knowledge and  of their application methods;
• development of infrastructure of the field science innovations, improvement of laboratory, electronic and diagnostic equipment, polygraphic and publishing equipment;
• improvement of technical-economic parameters of applied technologies and/or manufactures produces (executed works, performed services) with the purpose to ensure their competitiveness on the world market;
• creation and/or assimilation of technologies and/or new types of produces (works, services), which are results of the implementation of an object of intellectual property (patent, industrial design, topography of integrated circuits, know-hoe etc.), for which the manufacturer has necessary documents (certificate, patent etc.) or license issued by the owner of the object of intellectual property, or which must be elaborated for the first time in the Republic of Moldova and/or are more competitive, possessing technical-economical significantly better parameters  and increase the national scientific-technical and technological level.

Projects, as a rule, are a component part of a program in the field of science and innovations executed by organizations, performing respective activity.
Projects shall meet the following requirements:

• to be oriented to solve the most important problems of social-economic development of the state and correspond to strategic directions of development of science and innovations, stated in  the Partnership Agreement;
• to contain scientific or technological novelty and correspond to professional level;
• to be scientifically and financially founded, to define the expected results and methods of their transparent monitoring.

Source: CIT
Last up-date: 15.04.2008